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4 . 2022

Differentiation of Russian regions on the level of the standardized mortality rates from COVID-19 in 2021

Abstract

The policy of protection, restoration and improvement of health of the population of Russia which is carried out by the state gives relevance to researches of rates of mortality of the population in various regions of the country, especially during the periods of infectious pandemics.

Research aim. The analysis of rates of mortality from COVID-19 in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation in 2021 for the purpose of justification of the management decisions in the sphere of public health and health care in the conditions of pandemic spread of dangerous viral infections.

Material and methods. A source of information on mortality are records about death cases in federal the state information system "Unified State Register of Civil Status Records" (FGIS EGR ZAGS). For elimination of the distorting influence of an age factor by comparison of rates of mortality in different territorial subjects of the Russian Federation age structure of the population of each of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation was replaced with average Russian with method of indirect standardization of mortality rates.

Results. According to FGIS EGR ZAGS for 2021 in the Russian Federation all 2 446 922 cases of death were registered that on 648615 cases (for 36.1%) it is more, than in 2019 and on 163 645 cases (for 7.2%) it is more, than in 2020. From the total number of the dead in 2021 in FGIS EGR ZAGS 424 252 cases of death (17.3%) with the indication of an initial cause of death COVID-19 are registered that is almost three times more, than in 2020 (144 691 cases of death from COVID-19). At the age of 18 flyings is also more senior 424 090 people (99.95%) died. Standardization of mortality rates from COVID-19 led to increase in an average on regions of mortality rate for 5% (from 265.3 to 279.3 on 100 000 population), however statistically abnormal differences between territorial subjects of the Russian Federation on death rate from COVID-19 including which are in borders of the same federal district remained.

Conclusions. The set of factors affects the death rate reflected in statistics from COVID-19. It results in abnormal variability of an indicator as between the countries, and regions in one country. The presumable reasons – the wrong classification and coding of causes of death and also different approaches to accounting of diseases and death from COVID-19. Extremely high variability of intensive rates of mortality from COVID-19 makes impossible its use for assessment of overall performance of regional systems. As the most objective indicator of the death toll during the periods of infectious pandemics not a concrete infectious disease mortality, but the excess mortality defined as increase in mortality from all reasons in comparison with the expected mortality has to be considered.

Restrictions: data of FGIS EGR ZAGS can differ from data of Rosstat which became available to authors in later terms, than data of FGIS EGR ZAGS consisting of files of preliminary certificates on death.

Keywords:public health; population mortality; the standardized rates of mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; coding and classification of causes of death; organization of medical care

Funding. The study had no sponsor support.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

For citation: Korkhmazov V.T., Perkhov V.I. Differentiation of russian regions on the level of the standardized mortality rates from COVID-19 in 2021. ORGZDRAV: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie. Vestnik VSHOUZ [HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT: News, Views, Education. Bulletin of VSHOUZ]. 2022; 8 (4): 13–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2411-8621-2022-8-4-13-27 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Guzel E. Ulumbekova
MD, MBA from Harvard University (Boston, USA), Head of the Graduate School of Healthcare Organization and Management (VSHOUZ)

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