Excess consumption of table salt: epidemiological significance and management strategies

• Maksikova Tatyana M.
• Kalyagin Aleksey N.
• Tolstov Petr V.

Abstract

Despite the widescale program of the Priority National Project «Health» (2009-2012), aimed at preserving and strengthening of the Russian population health through improving disease prevention, some tasks were not fully implemented. Irrational nutrition and, in particular, table salt excessive consumption (NaCl), as before, remains insufficiently studied and poorly controlled risk factor of chronic non-communicable diseases. A systematic analytical literature review, based on scientific sources from the Medline and e-library databases, mainly for the last 10 years, reflects in detail the problem of NaCl excessive consumption at the individual and population levels. It is persuasively demonstrated that NaCl use in an amount of more than 5 g/day is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases occurrence and progression. The epidemiological data on NaCl consumption in various countries and regions of the world are presented and the problems of NaCl abuse revealing are indicated. The most successful prevention models and strategies aimed at consumption of table salt limiting are considered.

Keywords:table salt, NaCl, risk factors, cardiovascular diseases, excess salt intake, prevention, chronic non-communicable diseases

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