Dynamics of incidence of ear and mastoid diseases in St. Petersburg

• Olga V. Moguchaya
• Marina V. Avdeeva
• Geldi Hojagulyyev

Abstract

Analysis of morbidity and its dynamics is of significant medical and social importance, allowing us to obtain data for planning the healthcare system, developing preventive measures, and improving the quality and accessibility of medical care.

Aim of the study is to assess the dynamics of the incidence of diseases of the ear and mastoid process in St. Petersburg for 2013–2022 and the provision of the population with otorhinolaryngologists in comparison with indicators for the Russian Federation.

Material and methods. In the course of the work, an analysis of official statistics data for 2013–2022 was carried out, obtained as a result of copying information from statistical materials of Rosstat, Petrostat and the St. Petersburg Medical Information and Analytical Center. In the process of statistical processing, intensive coefficients, visibility indicators, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were calculated.

Results. These studies indicate that in the period from 2013 to 2022 in St. Petersburg, there were multidirectional dynamics in the overall incidence of diseases of the ear and mastoid process, since in the period from 2013 to 2018 there was an increase in the indicator by 16.4%, and since 2018 there has been a decrease of 11.5%. In general, from 2013 to 2022 there was a weak dynamics of growth in overall morbidity (+2.3%). At the same time, the primary incidence of diseases of the ear and mastoid process in St. Petersburg has been growing steadily, with the exception of the period of the COVID-19 epidemic, and its increase was 18.6%. The level of general incidence of ear and mastoid pathology in St. Petersburg was higher than in the Russian Federation. In the period from 2013–2015 primary morbidity rates did not exceed the national average, but in subsequent years there was a steady increase in the rate, with the only exception being the period of the COVID-19 epidemic. The supply of otolaryngologists in St. Petersburg is significantly higher than that provided for by regulatory documents, which indicates the presence of sufficient personnel potential. There was no correlation between the number of otorhinolaryngologists and the level of both general and primary morbidity.

Keywords:diseases of the ear and mastoid process; general morbidity; primary morbidity; availability of otorhinolaryngologists

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